The Evolution of Carrie‘s Self-Efficacy and Motivation

 The Evolution of Self-Efficacy and Motivation

This article delves into the concept of self-efficacy, a pivotal element of motivation, and examines how it evolves in Carrie over the course of the novel. We will explore the sources of her self-efficacy, and its impact on her goal striving.

Defining Self-Efficacy

Self-efficacy, a term coined by psychologist Albert Bandura, refers to an individual's belief in their ability to accomplish specific tasks and achieve goals. It is the foundation upon which motivation is built. People with high self-efficacy are more likely to set challenging goals, persevere through adversity, and attain success. On the other hand, those with low self-efficacy may doubt their abilities, leading to reduced motivation and, often, the abandonment of their pursuits.

Carrie's Changing Self-Efficacy

     Early in the Story: Low Self-Efficacy

    When Carrie first arrives in Chicago from her small hometown, her self-efficacy is at its lowest point. She secures a job in a factory sewing shoes, a position that offers little opportunity for advancement or personal fulfillment. We can say that Carrie doesn't have confidence in her life. 

    Midway Through the Story: Growing Self-Efficacy

    One day, she overhears a coworker talking about attending a theater performance, and her curiosity is piqued. Carrie starts to occasionally attend the theater, and her self-efficacy begins to shift.  She also becomes involved with Charles Drouet, a charming and successful man who introduces her to a more extravagant lifestyle. Being with Drouet boosts her self-esteem, as she sees herself as a desirable woman. Her self-efficacy is reinforced when she attracts the attention of George Hurstwood, a wealthy man who falls in love with her.

    Towards the End of the Story: High Self-Efficacy

    As the story progresses, Carrie's self-efficacy reaches its peak. She leaves Drouet for Hurstwood and becomes deeply involved in the theater world. Her acting career takes off, and she gains recognition and acclaim. With each successful performance and positive review, her self-efficacy soars.

Impact of Self-Efficacy on Goal Striving

As Carrie's self-efficacy evolves, it influences her pursuit of goals deeply. Initially, her low self-efficacy gives her a limited worldview, makes she accept her circumstances passively. However, as her self-efficacy increases, her goals become more ambitious. She wants a better life and seeks more valuable relationships.

Carrie's journey also intersects with the concepts of growth and fixed mindsets. Initially, she exhibits a fixed mindset, believing her fate to be predetermined. However, as her self-efficacy grows, she develops a growth mindset, recognizing that she can shape her destiny through effort and learning. This shift in mindset empowers her to challenge circumstances and reach for her dreams.